Jonathan Everett

Recent Posts

Why the 4f Optical Configuration Still Matters in Modern Optical Systems

By Jonathan Everett | Jun 8, 2026 7:47:20 AM

Understanding the Fundamentals of 4f Systems

The 4f optical configuration shows up in many applications, from microscopy and semiconductor fabs to laser beam shaping and adaptive optics. Yet despite its widespread use, many engineers and system designers encounter only fragments of its capabilities in application-specific contexts.

At its core, the 4f system is deceptively simple: two optical elements arranged so that their separation equals the sum of their focal lengths.

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How to Define Centration Tolerances in Micro Optics

By Jonathan Everett | Feb 17, 2026 8:42:44 AM

When you scale an optical design from standard-sized components down to micro-optics, something counterintuitive happens with centration tolerances. The same edge thickness runout that barely matters on a 25 mm lens can produce ten times the angular deviation on a 2mm lens. Understanding why—and how to specify tolerances that actually work at the micro scale—is the difference between a successful build and an expensive lesson.

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